Only Truth Matters
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Variation

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1. Intro

Individual difference, how we explain that?

Clinical psychology, mental illnesses and therapies

2. Difference

How are we different? Why are we different

Talk mainly about personality and intelligence

Personality：

  • How to assess? Reliability and Validity
  • Big 5, stable, and can predict real world behavior
  • Stability
  • Introversion
  • Openness
  • Antagonism
  • Conscientious

Intelligence：

  • IQ score is normalized to normal distribution with mean=100，std=15
  • Social value, how people success in society highly related to how society value?
  • if social value red hair, red hair people become successful

Why are we different?

  1. High heritability (from gene)

  2. Contribute 0.3-0.7

  3. Non-shared environment

  4. Contribute 0.7-0.3

  5. This means parents doesn’t matter

  6. BUT this violate common sense

  7. If SO, why parents treat their children nicely?

  8. We treat others nice because we love them

Being good is not mean that you would transform someone else

3. Clinical

Mental illness is a myth?

  • being deviate from society

Major mental disorders

  1. Schizophrenia: most terrible, 1%of the world’s population

Positive symptoms: 幻觉，被迫害妄想，胡言乱语，行为失常

Why: lose connection of mind and

Brain: Too much dopamine (多巴胺)

Possible: difficult birth, stress and difficult family environment

  1. Mood disorders, major depression disorder

Symptoms: sadness

Why: no “reasonable” cause

How:

  • Man: distract
  • Woman: accept

Heritable from (genes, brains, minds)

Brain: different brain basis

  1. Anxiety Disorder, affects 5% of people at sometime

Symptoms: diffuse, vague feeling, headaches, stomachaches

Why: classical conditioning

强迫症OCD（obsessive-compulsive disorder): check door, washing

  • gene
  1. Dissociation disorder

Symptoms: dis-association of memory, forget something

Why: start prior to age 10, most are women, report torture, sexual abuse and PTSD

Maybe the therapist itself make this DID, since in 1930, only 2 case, but 20000 case in 1980

  1. Personality disorder

James Bond

Therapy

  • Psychodynamic therapy Freud
  • Behavior therapy Skinner
  • Cognitive therapy
  • Medical Interventions
image-20220813152448841

Does therapy work?

  • Do recover better

4. Reflection

心理测试的两大重点：稳定性（长时间内保持稳定）和可靠性（能根据结果推测日常）

心理疾病的治疗没有特别明确的可量化指标，只能说相比于不接受治疗，接受治疗会稍好一些